Биография Д.И. Менделеева

Северо-Кавказский Государственный Университет

Филиал в городе Георгиевске

ПРОЕКТ

По английскому языку

Выполнил

Брежнев Е. Ю.

Проверила

Катышева Л.И.

Г. Георгевск 2004

How many up to him{it} all variety of elements which have created the surprising world around of the person and which make his{its} most essence tried to result chemists in system...

How many people have staked for the sake of it the life. Many understood, felt, that there should be such system - the law of the nature, aspired to open it{him} is and it is vain. It{he} has constructed its{her} one - periodic system of elements. System of elements of D.I.Mendeleyev.

It was the mighty person, because made him{it} under force only to the giant. How it was possible to it{him}? Due to what? Due to the of improbable force to talent, due to a fortress of spirit, due to confidence that business of it{him} is necessary.

It{He} has appeared in Petersburg silently and imperceptibly, having overcome on horses a long way from sleepy Tobolsk where it{he} was born, up to noisy, talkative Moscow and magnificent city on Neva. And how in unfamiliar big city this blue-eyed young man who is not having neither notable relationship, nor rich parents differently could appear? Father of it{him} was director of the Tobolsk grammar school - a post not the god a message what profitable, and small glass which basically and began to feed family after father, go blind, has been compelled to leave teaching, too did not bring the big income. And nevertheless, when it{he} , it was the big impact for Mendeleev. After all fourteen souls of one children...

Mitia was younger and, similar, the most favourite. In the childhood it{he} possessed not too a sound health, and in damp Petersburg air and at all to feel began itself unimportantly. Sometimes he{it} a throat had blood, and doctors believed, that at him{it} last degree of a consumption began. It{he} laid in clinic of pedagogical institute where it{he} studied, when once during detour the main doctor, thinking, that Mendeleyev has fallen asleep, has told to director: And , having heard the verdict, sat on beds, has got writing-books and has there and then plunged into records with lectures.

Institute friends have managed to arrange for Mendeleyev an audience at court physician Zdekauera, and that, having heard it{him}, has delicately advised to go on the south. To tell the truth, Zdecauer has given still advice - seem simply so, just in case Piragavim.

And in Crimea at this time there was a war, and Pies, having rolled up sleeves, operated since early morning and till the late evening. For days - tens amputations. Mendeleyev many times saw it{him} from apart, but all did not dare to approach to it{him}. Pies was more necessary.

Mendeleyev also could not think, that a kind of Simferopol, city, in general, enough removed from a front line, can make on him{it} such heavy impression. Restaurants worked, no, hospitals was a little, and around of city tents with a red cross have crowded. And everywhere ...

Mendeleyev here knew nobody. Pies seem inaccessible. And the graduate of the capital institute who has arrived on consultation to find to itself put here, certainly, could not. And it{he} writes to the brother in the letter:

But at last Mendeleyev before Проговым. The great doctor with unexpected attentiveness examines so strange here the patient and... Grants to it{him} a life! Mendeleyev has for ever remembered that has told to it{him} of Pies: .

The inspired Mendeleyev is born{carried} to Odessa. With it{him} only that on it{him}, yes is a little money, but all so is good, ahead has put - tempting and interesting so much, now it is necessary to hasten, because time lost in burdensome expectation, to not return any more.

To Odessa at Mendeleyev a direction. It{he} has received there a place of the teacher of natural sciences, from him{it} there the small laboratory, the first laboratory, and there and then, near at hand - excellent library.

Here, in southern seaside city, it{he} starts to search - of what thought already for a long time and to that it{he} will devote all life.

Half-year in Odessa, and Mendeleyev again in Petersburg. It{he} has arrived not with empty hands: work which it{he} has brought - the most thin and most laborious research on specific volumes. It actually his{its} dissertation. She{it} gives it{him} the first scientific degree of the master. The master of physics and chemistry. To Mendeleyev it was executed then only twenty two years.

It was his{its} first big victory. But a victory, which pleasure has saddened to mountain: favourite sister who has arrived together with it{him} from Tobolsk has died. And now it{he} has remained in Petersburg one. Sometimes it{him} pulls home - look on native places, to meet relatives, but this dream even long decades will be dream. And only on a slope of years, already world famous scientist, coming back from expedition{dispatch}, it{he} will make a hook to see Tobolsk. It will be short returning, but full of disappointments.

And in October of the same year when it{he} became the master. Mendeleyev has struck all friends: it{he} has protected the second dissertation. Of course - a case ! Scientists have not without hesitation accepted Mendeleyev's second work though it and was the serious contribution to chemistry . But too all this was unusual...

And then young Mendeleyev on the post carriage which was rolled quickly with the four of horses, goes in the first business trip - through Warsaw - further, to the well-known Heidelberg, in laboratory of the patriarch .

Mendeleyev trusted, that the days which have been lead{which have been carried out} to laboratories of the Heidelberg university, near to the glorified chemist, to it{him} will be useful, but it{he} was mistaken. Bunzer, borrowed{occupied} with the experiences, has met the young Russian colleague politely, but it is constrained. And in laboratory where to Mendeleyev have allocated a place, there was all as it is impossible more inconsistently: in narrowness students crowded, there was no utensils, reactants. Mendeleyev has immediately understood, that here it{he} only will waste time. With a kind of the deepest regret has told Bunzeru, that it{he} is unhealthy, has thanked for so hospitable hospitality and has there and then moved down from a university apartment. And soon again in a way. This time - to Paris, to Celerony - to that Caleroni, better which nobody could do{make} chemical devices and tools. Most exact of all exact weights because others did not suit his{its} work were necessary for Mendeleyev.

It{He} has returned to Heidelberg where has removed{has taken off} tiny under laboratory and where it{he} was waited already with the concerned letter of the trustee of the Petersburg educational district - it is visible, messages on trick with have reached.

Mendeleyev has answered: .

It did not hasten home - and not because did not wish to see the city, already for a long time becoming to it{him} native. It{he} did not hasten because in Heidelberg to it{him} was well worked, it{he} felt like free, independent. And consequently still, that here it{he} has found new friends.

Ivan Setchenov, Alexander Borodin, Dmitry Mendeleyev - they were then are young, their names did not sound yet so loudly, but each of them was already known for the works. All three excitedly were engaged in chemistry. Mendeleyev tried to comprehend essence of the phenomena occuring at a level considerably more thin, rather than molecular, and has opened temperature of absolute boiling. Setchenov has penetrated into chemistry of gas exchange in living tissues, and the author of with ecstasy pottered with test tubes and flasks and by then was the author of several large printed works in chemistry.

To Troy great Russian. Small . They worked not hands, and in the evenings converged for is expected, shared everything, that has collected for a day. Hardly later, when to them has joined Methnicov, they swore, that if from them in a life it will be difficult for somebody, everyone will gather to come to the aid. They have constrained this oath.

... And in Heidelberg they had happy time. In work all was got on - and consequently the mood was fine, and they had a rest too selflessly. frequently sat down a grand piano, and that all time went in the next small town to listen to the well-known body.

Together with Borodinym Mendeleyev quite often went to mountains. That them attracted... Unless it is possible to tell about it? They liked to go upwards on difficult road, clinging for stones, sometimes in a dirty and in a snow. And without it in a life something lacked. As well Dmitry Ivanovich itself has written about it - to the girlfriend of sister Olga, the future wife. As it{him} pulled then to and as much later it{he} will be ready to give everything, everything if only to leave it{her}. As well it{he} has written to it{her}:

Friends united not only predilection for chemistry - they were in many respects similar - with identical passion were given work, and by something, with a head were immersed in new business. It was to tell the truth, shown at them differently. Mendeleyev all was given passion and did