Сборник тем

explosion of knowledge

and has contributed to an overflow of information. The total knowledge

of mankind is known to double every seven years. Foreign languages are

needed as the main and most efficient means of information exchange of

the people of our planet.

Today English is the language of the world. Over 350 million people

speak it as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in

Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand.

English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada,

the South African Republic. As a second language it is used in the

former British and US colonies.

It is the major international language for communication in such

areas as science, technology, business and mass entertainment. English

is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and

other political organization. It is the language of the literature,

education, modern music, international tourism.

Russia is integrating into the world community and the problem of

learning English for the purpose of communication is espicially urgent

today. Learning a foreing language is not as easy thing. It is a long

and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But to know

English is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for every

good specialist.

It is well known that reading books in the original , listening to

the BBC news, communicating with the English speaking people will help a

lot. When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history

of the native speakers. One must work hard to learn any foreign

language.

LIESURE TIME.

Everybody sometimes has a free time. Somebody prefer only to sleep in

their liesure time, but the largest part of us prefer to do a great

amount of things which are pleasant and interesting for us. It may be

reading, a various types of sport game, watching TV, listening music and

others. If we have a few day or a week we prefer to go to the attractive

places. Many peoples thing that pupils and studients have too much

liesure ,but in my opinion, they are wrong. We are very busy. Many

pupils have six or se-ven lessons a day and go to school live or six day

a week. Even during the holiday we learn our lessons after school. And

we just no time to go some-there. Oldest of us are working after school

or institutes. IÒam not spend my time at school and ofter I have a free

time. The large part of my free time devote to reading. I like to read

books about another coun-tries, another times and another worlds. Also I

read books about history of our country. Besides reading I like to do

physical exercises. I and my school friends often gather after school

and play basketball, fooftball or other active games. But my favorite

hobby is travelling. Usually I travel in summer and ofter it is a trip

to the south, to the warm sea. thing all peoples must have other

occupation besides their basic work, ba-csuse it extand the bounduries

of the familar world and teach us something new about people and thing.

MASS MEDIA.

Mass media ( that is the press, the radio and television ) play an

important role in the life of society. They inform, educate and

entertain people. They also influence the way people look at the world

and make them change their views. Mass media mould public opinion.

Millions of people in their spare time watch TV and read newspapers.

Everybody can find there something interesting for him. On the radioone

can hear music, plays, news and various discussions or commentaries of

current events. Lot's radio or TV games and films attract a large

audience. Newspapers uses in different ways, but basically they are

read. There is a lot of advertisment on mass media. Some of the TV and

radio stations and newspapers are owned by different corporations. The

owners can advertise whatever they choose. But it is hardly fair to say

that mass media do not try to raise cultural level of the people or to

develop their artistic taste. Mass media brings to millions of homes not

only entertaiment and news but also cultural and educational programs.

There are more then six TV channels and lot's of radio stations and

newspapers now in the Russian Federation.

PROBLEMS OF UNEMPLOYMENT OF YOUNG PEOPLE.

People of almost every age are susceptible to this pernitious disease

but it hits the youth the hardest. It's name is unemployment. The

persent-age of unemployed youth in the total number of the jobless is

high. In many developing countries the situation is more serious. Many

young people to commit suside. Unless the economic situation in the

world changes, youth unemployment will mount. This prodictions refer to

all catigories of workers-with high and low skills in town and country.

For all there possible distinctious,these young people over outside the

production structure of society. The are deprived the possebility of

creting there are "surplus" from time to time some may get a hit of

luck, but the lot of the majority is to feel their unlessles to lose

their ideals and become disillusioned. Unemployment greatly

intemcilicselle tendency among the youth towards, drug education ,

frastretion and crime. This is a time bomb and is a heavy acusation of

any social economic system.

British education

British education emas us to develop fully the abilities of

individuals, for their own benefit and of society as a whole. Compulsory

schooling takes place between the agers of 5 and 16, but some pupils

remain at shool for 2 years more, to prepare for further higher

education. Post shool education is organized flaxebly, to provide a wide

range of opportunities for academic and vacational education and to

continue studying through out life.

Administration of state schools is decentralised. The department of

education and science is responsible for national education policy, but

it doesn't run any schools, if doesn't employ teachers, or prescribe

corricular or textbooks. All shools are given a considerable amount of

freedom. According to the law only one subject is compulsary. That is

religious instruction.

Children recieve preschool education under the age of 5 in nursery

schools or in infant's classes in primary schools.

Most pupils receive free education finenst from public fonds and the

small proportions attend schools wholy independent. Most independent

schools are single-sex, but the number of mixing schools is growing.

Education within the mantained schools system usually comprises two

stages: primary and secondary education. Primary schools are subdevided

into infant schools (ages 5 - 7), and junior schools (ages 7 - 11).

Infant schools are informal and children are encouraged to read, write

and make use of numbers and develop the creative abilities. Primary

children do all their work with the same class teacher exept for PT and

music. The work is beist upon the pupils interests as far as possible.

The junior stage extence over four years. Children have set pirits of

arithmetic, reading, composition, history, geography nature study and

others. At this stage of schooling pupils were often placed in A, B, C

and D streams according their abilities. The most able children were put

in the A stream, the list able in the D stream. Till reccantly most

junior shool children had to seat for the eleven-plus examination. It

usually consisted of an arithmetic paper and an entelligent test.

According to the results of the exam children are sent to Grammar,

Technical or Secondary modern schools. So called comprehansive schools

began to appear after World War 2. They are muchly mixed schools which

can provide education for over 1000 pupils. Ideally they provide all the

courses given in Grammar, Technical and Secondary modern schools.